Experience of ZHANG Boli in Staged Treating Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Based on the Theory of “Similar Diseases and Syndromes of Damp-Turbidity-Phlegm-Rheum” / 中医杂志

This article summarizes the experience of Professor ZHANG Boli in the staged treatment of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease （VEO-IBD）. Grounded in the theory of “similar diseases and syndromes of damp-turbidity-phlegm-rheum”， it is believed that dampness and turbidity are crucial pathogenic factors in VEO-IBD. During the acute phase， the core pathogenesis centers on the accumulation of turbid toxins in the intestines. The treatment focuses on dispelling dampness and clearing turbidity to eliminate turbid toxins， while also regulating the flow of qi and nourishing the spleen and kidney. During the remission phase， the core pathogenesis involves spleen and kidney deficiency， which is treated by invigorating the spleen and warming the kidney to strengthen the body resistance. Additionally， promoting blood circulation and eliminating stasis is integrated throughout the treatment process. Medications are chosen to be mild and gentle， emphasizing balance and harmony， and attention is given to the methods of administration and psychological well-being， ensuring comprehensive care for both body and mind.

New Explanation of Jichuan Decoction（济川煎） / 中医杂志

This paper explores the interpretation of Jichuan Decoction （济川煎） by tracing its name's origin， exa-mining the original texts of herbs in the decoction within Jingyue's Complete Works（《景岳全书》）， exploring the debate on the sovereign drug of Danggui （Angelica sinensis ［Oliv.］ Diels） and Roucongrong （Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma）， and analyzing the historical discussions on the efficacy of the decoction. It is believed that the original meaning of the name Jichuan Decoction （济川煎） refers to its strategy for treating “deficiency constipation”， which can be described as “increasing water to navigating the boat”. Danggui （Angelica sinensis ［Oliv.］ Diels） is considered the sovereign herb for nourishing blood and moistening dryness， while Roucongrong （Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma） serves as the minister herb for moistening the intestines and promoting bowel movements. It is concluded by the author that Jichuan Decoction （济川煎） does not primarily focus on warming the kidneys and assisting yang， but rather emphasizes nourishing blood， moistening dryness， and promoting bowel movements. Its main indication is constipation due to deficiency of yin and blood， which is supported by evidence from antiquarian materials.

Correlation of gene mutations and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer tissues with clinicopathological features of patients / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To explore KRAS, NRAS, BRAF gene mutations and microsatellite instability(MSI) in colorectal cancer tissues as well as their correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 473 colorectal cancer patients in Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital from October 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The mutation status of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene in the paraffin tissues were detected by using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-capillary electrophoresis was used to analyze MSI status, and the correlation of the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gene mutations and MSI status was analyzed.Results:The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were 45.03% (213/473), 2.96% (14/473) and 5.50% (26/473), respectively in 473 patients with colorectal cancer. No case harbored both 2 gene mutations was detected. The mutation rate of KRAS gene in well differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma [47.4% (175/369) vs. 36.5% (38/104), χ2 = 3.89, P = 0.049]. NRAS mutation rate in female was higher than that in male [5.0% (10/202) vs. 1.5% (4/271), χ2 = 4.86, P = 0.027], and the NRAS mutation rate in patients with tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm was higher than that in those with tumor diameter >3 cm [7.1% (7/98) vs. 1.9% (7/375), P = 0.013]. BRAF mutation rate of tumors located in colon was higher than that in rectum [11.7% (20/171) vs.2.0% (6/302), χ2 = 19.81, P < 0.001]; BRAF mutation rate in poorly differentiated tumor was higher than that in well differentiated tumor [10.6% (11/104) vs. 4.1% (15/369), χ2 = 6.62, P = 0.010]; BRAF mutation rate in patients with mucus was higher than that in those without mucus [10.9% (11/101) vs. 4.0% (15/372), χ2 = 7.19, P = 0.007]; BRAF mutation rate in patients with lymphatic metastasis was higher than that in patients without lymphatic metastasis [8.2% (15/182) vs.3.8% (11/291), χ2 = 4.29, P = 0.038]. The incidence of high frequency MSI (MSI-H) in 473 colorectal cancer tissues was 7.19% (34/473). The incidence of MSI-H in colon was higher than that in rectum [14.0% (24/171) vs. 3.3% (10/302), χ2 = 18.82, P < 0.001]; the incidence of MSI-H in patient with poor differentiated tumor was higher than that in those with well differentiated tumor [17.3% (18/104) vs. 4.3% (16/369), χ2 = 20.46, P < 0.001]; the incidence of MSI-H in patients with mucus was higher than that in those without mucus [11.9% (12/101) vs. 5.9% (22/372), χ2 = 4.24, P = 0.039]; and the incidence of MSI-H in patients without lymphatic metastasis was higher than that in patients with lymphatic metastasis [10.0% (29/291) vs. 2.7% (5/182), χ2 = 8.75, P = 0.003]. In addition, the incidence of MSI-H was on the rise in patients with BRAF mutation ( P < 0.001). Conclusions:KRAS, NRAS, BRAF gene mutations and MSI status are correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer; there is a close relationship between MSI-H and BRAF mutation.

Clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine breakthrough infections in children / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine breakthrough infections in children, and to provide reference basis for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in children.Methods:A total of 97 children aged 3 to 14 years and diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to Xi′an People′s Hospital (Xi′an Fourth Hospital) from December 27, 2021 to February 7, 2022 were included. According to the COVID-19 vaccination status, the enrolled children were divided into unvaccinated group, partially vaccinated group and fully vaccinated group, and the clinical data of the children in the three groups were collected and compared. Chi-square test, two independent sample t-test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Totally 97 children including 49 males and 48 females were enrolled, with 87(89.7%) children of mild type, 10(10.3%) children of common type, and no severe or critical case. The proportions of unvaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated preschool-aged children (3 to 6 years old) were 56.5%(13/23), 30.8%(12/39) and 17.1%(6/35), respectively, while those of school-aged children (7 to 14 years old) were 43.5%(10/23), 69.2%(27/39) and 82.9%(29/35), respectively. The vaccination proportion in preschool-aged children was significantly lower than that in school-age children ( χ2=9.94, P=0.007). The proportion of the children with fever in fully vaccinated group was 17.1%(6/35), which was lower than that in unvaccinated group (43.5%, 10/23), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.82, P=0.028). The cycle threshold (Ct) values of the open reading frame ( ORF)1 ab gene in the unvaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated groups were 33.77(26.87, 36.58), 35.23 (33.45, 38.57) and 37.12 (34.91, 39.39), respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference among the groups ( H=7.76, P=0.021). The Ct values of the nucleocapsid protein ( N) gene in the three groups were 32.26(25.85, 36.18), 35.12(33.18, 37.96) and 37.26(34.27, 39.24), respectively, and the difference among the groups was statistically significant ( H=7.84, P=0.020). The Ct values of ORF1 ab gene and N gene in fully vaccinated group were higher than those in unvaccinated group, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.69, P=0.007 and Z=-2.39, P=0.017, respectively). The duration of viral shedding in fully vaccinated children was (9.9±4.1) d, which was shorter than that in unvaccinated children ((12.8±3.7) d), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.72, P=0.009). Conclusions:The majority of children with breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 are mild. Vaccination may effectively shorten the duration of viral shedding. And fully vaccination is associated with mild clinical symptoms and lower serum viral load compared to unvaccinated children.

Characteristics of unintentional injuries reported to Shanghai hospitalized injury surveillance system， 2017‒2020 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of hospitalized unintentional injuries and to provide evidence for formulating injury prevention and control strategies. MethodsDescriptive analysis was conducted on injury information of unintentional injury cases reported from 22 monitoring hospitals during 2017 to 2020 by injury surveillance system. The composition ratio index was used to analyze and explore the distribution（population， time and place）of injuries related to different causes. The disease burden was described by the length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost. ResultsA total of 32 716 hospitalized unintentional injury cases were reported from 22 monitoring hospitals. The male to female ratio was 1.18∶1. The majority of males were aged 15‒64 years and the majority of females were aged over 45 years. The top three causes of injuries were falls， traffic-related and blunt injury. Injuries occurred more frequently in July and August. 42.81% of the cases occurred at home. Fracture cases accounted for 75.79%. The median length of hospital stay was 10 days and the median cost was 15 431.50 yuan. The share of both falls and non-motor vehicle accidents increased year by year. ConclusionFalls among elderly people and road traffic injuries are the main causes of hospitalized unintentional injuries， and sharp or blunt instrument injuries are more severe in the male workforce. Considering high direct and indirect economic losses from injuries， steps should to be taken to improve injury surveillance system and to implement injury prevention and control strategies targeted on key groups and key injuries.

Clinicopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of 6 cases of congenital granular cell tumor / 中华口腔医学杂志

To provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of congenital granular cell tumor (CGCT), by comprehensive analysis of the clinical data, histopathological and immunohistochemical results. Patients with CGCT were involede, from March 2015 to November 2020, at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. A total of 6 children, aged 3-16 days, 1 male and 5 female, 5 maxillary and 1 mandibular, with maximum tumor diameter of 6-70 mm, were included. The lesions of CGCT were single and connected to the alveolar ridge by a pedicle. The surface of the tumor was covered with a vascular network, and two cases had ulcers on the surface of the tumor. All 6 cases had the tumor removed surgically and there was no recurrence or metastasis in the follow-up visit. Although CGCT is rare, it is a benign tumor and generally does not recur or metastasize after surgery, and has a good prognosis. The prenatal imaging, clinical manifestations after delivery, pathological characteristics and immunohistochemical analyses may provide reference for early diagnosis and treatment of CGCT.

Exploration on the spectrum of disease of Experienced Ten Acupoints based on bibliometrics / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:We aimed to analyze the spectrum of diseases of Experienced Ten Acupoints in clinical studies, in order to provide reference for further clinical trials.Methods:The Chinese academic journals full-text database (CNKI),Chinese science and technology journals full-text database (VIP),Wanfang database and Chinese biomedical database (SinoMed), PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science Database were searched from the incecption to October, 2021. The quantitative analyses were conducted on the characteristics of the clinical studies, including years of publication, journals, affiliations of authors, interventions, diseases, types of studies, evaluation of efficacy, rate of citations.Results:A total of 81 articles were included in 44 journals. The majority types of studies were RCTs, the main intervention was acupuncture as well as acupuncture combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine or medicine. For types of diseases, digestive system diseases account for the major part (66.67%), followed by nervous system diseases (17.28%).Conclusions:The studies associated with Experienced Ten Acupoints were relatively few, the corresponding spectrum of diseases was in limit range, and experimental studies lacks. This study suggested that the clinicians should pay attention to the classical acupoints prescriptions, and the research progress of clinical trials should be more standardized.

Effect and Mechanism of "Liver-Soothing and Spleen-Invigorating" Therapies Against Liver Injury in Rats： An Exploration Based on TGR5 and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different treatment methods of "soothing liver， invigorating spleen， soothing liver and invigorating spleen， soothing liver first and then soothing liver and invigorating spleen， as well as invigorating spleen first and then soothing liver and invigorating spleen" on liver depression combined with liver injury in rats and their action mechanisms. MethodA six-week rat model of liver depression combined with liver injury was established by restraint stress and subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride （CCl4， 5.89 g·kg-1， once every three days）. At the same time， the drugs were given by gavage. Forty-eight male SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into eight groups， namely the normal group， model group， bicyclol （0.2 g·kg-1） group， Sinisan （4.32 g·kg-1） group， Liu Junzitang （9.26 g·kg-1） group， Chaishao Liu Junzitang A （Chai A， soothing liver and invigorating spleen，13.57 g·kg-1） group， Chaishao Liu Junzitang B （Chai B， soothing liver first and then soothing liver and invigorating spleen， 13.57 g·kg-1） group， and Chaishao Liu Junzitang C （Chai C， invigorating spleen first and then soothing liver and invigorating spleen， 13.57 g·kg-1） group， with six rats in each group. The pathological changes in liver and colon tissues of each group were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The serum biochemical indexes of the liver were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The relative mRNA expression levels of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 （TGR5） and intestinal mucosal zona occluden-1 （ZO-1）， Occludin， and Claudin-1 in the liver and colon were detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The positive expression rate of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in the colon was detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultCompared with normal group， the model group exhibited significantly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， total bilirubin （TBIL）， and direct bilirubin （DBIL） （P<0.01）， lowered TGR5 mRNA expression in liver tissue， up-regulated TGR5 mRNA expression in the colon tissue （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and down-regulated ZO-1， Occludin， and tight junction protein-1 (Claudin-1) mRNA expression and PCNA in the colon tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， bicyclol and Chai C remarkably decreased the levels of serum ALP， ALT， AST， TBIL， and DBIL （P<0.05，P<0.01）， while Liu Junzitang， Chai A， Chai B， and Chai C significantly up-regulated the TGR5 mRNA expression in the liver and down-regulated its expression in the colon （P<0.01）. Bicyclol， Chai A， Chai B， and Chai C enhanced the ZO-1 and Claudin-1 mRNA expression in the colon （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Bicyclol， Sinisan， and Chai C increased PCNA expression （P<0.01）. The comparison with the Chai C group showed that the TGR5 mRNA expression in the liver and ZO-1 mRNA expression in the colon of the bicyclol and Sinisan groups were lower， whereas the TGR5 mRNA expression in the colon was higher （P<0.01）. However， the PCNA expression in the colon of the Liu Junzitang and Chai B groups declined significantly （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn the presence of liver injury， invigorating spleen first helps to relieve the liver injury， and the efficacy of "spleen-invigorating" therapy in increasing the intestinal mucosal tight junction proteins and improving the gastrointestinal function is related to its activation of TGR5 to improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function， promote the renewal of intestinal stem cells， and drive the regeneration after injury.

Study on Thalassemia in Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the distribution characteristics of thalassemia genotype in Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province.@*METHODS@#Gap PCR and reverse dot hybridization were used to detect and analyze the thalassemia gene in 572 suspected thalassemia carriers of Han Population in Sanya.@*RESULTS@#Among the 572 Han Population in Sanya, 271 cases of thalassemia gene abnormality were detected, among which 161 cases were founded to be carriers of α-thalassemia gene. A total of 9 genotypes were detected, in the following order of the detection rate was －－SEA/αα，－α3.7/αα，－α4.2/αα，－－SEA/－α3.7，－－SEA/－α4.2，－α4.2/－α4.2，－α3.7/－α4.2，－α3.7/－α3.7，－－SEA/－－SEA. Among them, the deletion type (－－SEA/αα) in southeast Asia was the most common, accounting for 66 cases. 99 cases of β-thalassemia were detected, there were 7 genotypes, all of which were heterozygous. The order of the detection rate was CD41-42/βN, IVS-II-654/βN, CD17/βN, CD71-72/βN, -28/βN, －29/βN, CD27-28/βN. Among them, CD41-42/βN was the most common, accounting for 51 cases. In addition, 11 cases of combined α and β thalassemia were detected. Five kinds of genotypes were checked out, the order of detection rate was －α3.7/αα composite CD41-42/βN, －－SEA/αα composite IVS-II-654/βN, －α4.2/－α4.2 composite CD41-42/βN, －α4.2/αα composite －29/βN , －－SEA/ －α4.2 composite CD41-42/βN.@*CONCLUSION@#Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province is a high-risk population of thalassemia, the genotype characteristics are different from other areas with high incidence of thalassemia in China. The main type of α-thalassemia is the deficiency mutation of southeast Asia, while CD41-42 heterozygous mutation is the main type of β-thalassemia.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Invasive Fungal Infections in Acute Leukemia Patients in Tropical Regions / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of invasive fungal infection (IFI) occurenced in patients with acute leukemia (AL) during treatment in tropical regions.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 68 AL patients admitted to the Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital from April 2012 to April 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence of IFI in AL patients.@*RESULTS@#Among the 68 patients, 44 were acute myeloid leukemia, 24 were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 39 were male, 29 were female and the median age was 41(13-75) years old. The 68 patients received 242 times of chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT), including 73 times of initial chemotherapy or inducting chemotherapy after recurrence, 14 times of HSCT, 155 times of consolidating chemotherapy. Patients received 152 times of anti-fungal prophylaxis, including 77 times of primary anti-fungal prophylaxis and 75 times of secondary anti-fungal prophylaxis. Finally, the incidence of IFI was 31 times, including 24 times of probable diagnosis, 7 times of proven diagnosis, and the total incidence of IFI was 12.8%(31/242), the incidence of IFI in inducting chemotherapy was 24.66%(18/73), the incidence of IFI in HSCT patients was 28.57% (4/14), the incidence of IFI in consolidating chemotherapy was 5.80% (9/155). Multivariate analysis showed that inducting chemotherapy or HSCT, the time of agranulocytosis ≥7 days, risk stratification of high risk were the independent risk factors for IFI in AL patients during treatment in tropical regions.@*CONCLUSION@#The incidence of IFI in patients with AL in the tropics regions is significantly higher than that in other regions at homeland and abroad. Anti-fungal prophylaxis should be given to the patients with AL who have the high risk factors of inducting chemotherapy or HSCT, time of agranulocytosis ≥7 days and risk stratification of high risk.

Correlation between RAS and BRAF V600E gene mutations and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the correlation between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF V600E gene mutations and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:Specimens from 217 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically confirmed in Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected, and the clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The mutation status of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF V600E genes were detected in the paraffin specimens of surgically-resected tissues by direct sequencing. The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF V600E were compared among patients with different clinicopathological characteristics.Results:The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF V600E in 217 patients with colorectal cancer were 48.4% (105/217), 4.1% (9/217) and 3.7% (8/217), of which 1 patient (0.5%) had both KRAS and NRAS mutations. NRAS gene mutation was not correlated with gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, pathological type, degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, hemangioma thrombus/nerve invasion (all P>0.05); KRAS mutation rate in patients ≥ 60 year old was higher than that in patients < 60 year old [55.3% (63/114) vs. 40.8% (42/103), χ2 = 4.55, P = 0.033),and there was no correlation between KRAS gene mutation and other clinicopathological features (all P > 0.05); the mutation rate of BRAF V600E gene in colorectal cancerpatients with distant metastasis was higher than that in patients without distant metastasis [16.7% (4/24) vs. 2.1% (4/193), P = 0.006], and there was no correlation between BRAF V600E gene mutation and other clinicopathological features (all P > 0.05). Conclusions:Older colorectal cancer patients may be prone to KRAS gene mutation, and the BRAF V600E gene mutation rate is higher in patients with distant metastasis, and there is no correlation between NRAS gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics.

Assessment of the quality of life of mandibular ameloblastoma patients after reconstruction with double-barrel fibula flap / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyse the quality of life of patients receiving repair of bone defect with folded fibula flap after removal of mandibular ameloblastoma. Methods: The case data of 39 patients with ameloblastoma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2013 to April 2016 were retrospectively analysed, including 21 males and 18 females, from 18 to 58 years old. 3D printing and digital technology were used in flap preparation before surgery in all patients. The folded fibular flaps were used to repair mandibular defects and the implants were placed between 6-9 months after surgery. The short form-36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and the university of Washington quality of life questionnaire (UW-QOL) were applied to evaluate the quality of life of patients before surgery and at 6 months and 24 months after surgery. The higher the score, the better the condition. SPSS 20.0 was adopted for statistical analysis. Results: The SF-36 survey showed that the mean score of body role before surgery (72.4±11.7) was significantly higher than that at 6 months after surgery (39.6±11.1, t=23.580, P<0.05) or that at 24 months after surgery (59.8±6.4, t=8.358, P<0.001). Compared with the preoperative mean scores of Physical Pain (73.0±11.0), General Health (73.4±10.4) and Health Changes (79.2±3.9) before surgery, the mean scores Physical Pain (53.1±7.7), General Health (53.5±7.5) and Health Changes (63.9±11.7) at 6 months after surgery were decreased significantly respectively (t=13.068, 13.756 and 10.880, respectively, all P<0.05), but the mean scores Physical Pain (78.8±14.0), General Health (80.9±12.6) and Health Changes (84.4±4.6) at 24 months after surgery were increased significantly respectively (t=-2.904, -4.027 and -7.586, respectively, all P<0.05), with significant differences in the mean scores of Physical Pain, General Health and Health Changes between 6 and 24 months after surgery (t=-14.241, -16.490, -14.294, respectively, all P<0.001). The UW-QOL survey showed that the mean scores of chewing, language and taste functions decreased at 6 months after surgery (53.1±6.7, 53.0±7.7 and 62.2±9.9, respectively), but improved at 24 months after surgery (67.9±3.9, 63.9±2.9 and 68.4±11.1, respectively), with statistically significant difference (t=-16.765, -11.675 and 2.498, respectively, all P<0.001). Conclusion: The application of folded fibula flaps to repair bone defects after sugery of mandibular ameloblastoma can better meet the needs of language and chewing functions and improve the quality of life of patients.

Effect of digital and 3D printing technology combined with non-vascularized ilium in repairing post-traumatic bone defect in maxillary anterior teeth area / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of digital technology and 3D printing technology combined with non-vascularized ilium bone in repairing post-traumatic bone defect in maxillary anterior area.Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed to analyze clinical data of 8 patients with severe bone defect in maxillary anterior area after trauma admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2013 to January 2018. There were 6 males and 2 females, with the age of 18-43 years [(31.9±9.0)years]. The maxillary bone was reconstructed before surgery by employing digital technology. The intercept range of ilium was determined according to the best form of defect to be recovered. Then the model and guide plate was printed out by employing 3D print technology. The titanium mesh was prebended on the model. The bone was extracted and Onlay bone grafting was performed according to the guide plate. The implant restoration was performed 6 to 9 months after operation, and porcelain crown restoration was performed 4 to 6 months later. The iliac bone survival and postoperative complications were detected 6 months after bone grafting. The near-middle-far and vertical bone elevation of the alveolar ridge as well as bone elevation of lip palatal were measured before implantation. The condition around the implants was observed 6 months after porcelain crown restoration. The visual analogue score (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain after iliac bone transplantation and implantation. The implant stability coefficient (ISQ) was applied to assess the stability of the implants on the day and 4 months after operation.Results:All the patients were followed up for 24-48 months [(33.3±9.7)months]. Eight patients with non-vascularized iliums were all survived. There was one patient with mild infection after bone grafting and one patient with gingival inflammatory hyperplasia after implantation, both of whom were healed after treatment. There was no obvious peri-implant inflammation or absorption of the grafted bone. The increase in height of the alveolar on the mesial and distal bone, vertical bone and labial-palatal bone was 30.28-39.67 mm, 9.58-11.32 mm and 2.06-7.41 mm, respectively. All the implants showed good osseointegration. The VAS after implantation was (3.4±0.7)points, significantly alleviated compared with the preoperational level [(7.3±2.0)points] ( P<0.05). The ISQ was 84.4±1.9 at postoperative 4 months, showing no significant difference from that on the day after operation (72.9±1.4) ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In repair of severe bone defect in maxillary anterior area after trauma, the digital and 3D printing technology combined with non-vascularized ilium can improve the survival rate of bone grafts. The implant restoration after operation can reduce pain, restore the patients' facial appearance and achieve satisfactory oral physiological function.

Clinical characteristics of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome during pregnancy: a multicenter clinical study / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pregnant women with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).Methods:A total of 11 pregnant women with HFRS admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University (four cases), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (four cases), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University (one case) and Central Hospital of Xianyang City (two cases) between November 2009 and February 2019 were included as the study group, and 24 age-matched non-pregnant women with HFRS were selected as the control group. The age, complications, clinical classification and laboratory indexes of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively, and the clinical outcomes of pregnant women and their fetuses in the study group were followed up. The data between two groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test. Results:Patients in the study and control groups were 29 (22, 33) and 32 (24, 37) years old, respectively. Seven of 11 patients in study group were severe and critical cases, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (16.7%(4/24), χ2=7.722, P=0.015). In the study group, 10 patients had hypervolemic syndrome, 10 patients had pulmonary edema and six patients had overlapping hypotension shock phase and oliguria phase, which were all higher than those in the control group ((2/24, 8.3%), (2/24, 8.3%) and (2/24, 8.3%), respectively; χ2=22.828, 22.828 and 9.135, respectively, all P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the pregnant patients in study group had a higher urea nitrogen maximum and serum creatinine maximum, and the differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-2.453 and -2.336, respectively, both P<0.05), while they had a lower serum albumin minimum, hemoglobin maximum and hemoglobin minimum, and the differences were all statistically significant ( Z=-3.742, -3.350 and -4.034, respectively, all P<0.01). All pregnant women with HFRS recovered. Nine pregnant women gave birth to nine healthy infants. All of them received breastfeeding and the feeding duration were more than six months. No abnormal growth and development were found during an average follow-up of three years. Conclusions:Pregnancy can aggravate the severity of HFRS, and pregnant women have higher risk of the multiple stages overlap and the complications such as hypervolemic syndrome and acute pulmonary edema. After recovery from HFRS, mother may carry to full-term pregnancy.

Correlation between 21-gene recurrence score and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer and its clinical significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To analyze the correlation between 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer, and to explore its significance in individualized treatment.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with surgical resection and pathological diagnosis of Lumina type breast cancer in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of 21 gene and RS was calculated. According to the 21-gene RS, the patients were divided into low recurrence risk group (RS < 18 points), intermediate recurrence risk group (RS 18-31 points) and high recurrence risk group (RS > 31 points). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were made to evaluate the correlations between different recurrence risk and clinicopathological characteristics of patients and their influence on the choice of adjuvant chemotherapy.Results:Based on the 21-gene RS, 29 patients were in low recurrence risk group, 22 cases were in intermediate recurrence risk group, and 8 cases were in high recurrence risk group. Single-factor analysis showed that age ( P = 0.012), maximum mass diameter ( P = 0.031), histological grade ( P = 0.036), progesterone receptor (PR) level ( P = 0.015), Ki-67 positive index ( P = 0.049) and molecular typing ( P = 0.010) were influencing factors of 21-gene RS recurrence risk. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age and Ki-67 positive index were negatively correlated with 21-gene RS recurrence risk (both P < 0.05). After grouping according to the 21-gene RS, 17 patients in the intermediate recurrence risk group (according to the traditional postoperative recurrence risk grouping method for breast cancer) were classified as low recurrence risk group, and 4 patients in the low recurrence risk group were classified as intermediate recurrence risk group ( χ2 = 4.535, P = 0.033). After grouping based on 21-gene RS, the number of patients who needed chemotherapy in individualized treatment decreased. Of the 17 cases, 11 cases did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the remaining patients received chemotherapy. The postoperative follow-up period was 11-22 months. As of March 2020, there was no recurrence or disease progress. Conclusion:The 21-gene RS can provide objective basis for the individualized precise treatment and prognosis prediction for patients with early-stage Lumina type breast cancer.

The Relationship between HIF1α and WTAP Expression Level in t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α) and Wilms' tumor 1associating protein (WTAP) expression level in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia cells.@*METHODS@#The t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, including SKNO-1 and Kasumi-1 were treated by Echinomycin for 24 h, RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of WTAP mRNA and the protein. The CoCl @*RESULTS@#The expression level of WTAP mRNA and the protein in the echinomycin treated group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The expression level of WTAP protein in the CoCl@*CONCLUSION@#The inhibition of HIF1-α could down-regulates the expression of WTAP, while the up-regulation of HIF1α could up-regulates the expression of WTAP, which shows that there is a positive correlation of HIF1α and WTAP expression. This result suggesting that HIF1α may be involves in the expression regulation of WTAP gene.

Single Center Analysis of Bloodstream Infection Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies in the Tropics / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics, prognosis and risk factors of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of bloodstream infection.@*METHODS@#The clinical features, blood culture results and prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies admitted to Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital were retrospectively studied.@*RESULTS@#The most common primary infection site of the 81 patients with hematological malignancies was lung (46.91%), followed by PICC (11.11%). The detection rate of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria in the blood culture was 60.98% and 30.02%, respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci was the most common Gram-positive bacteria resulting in bloodstream infection in our study. Of the Gram-negatives, Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.38%) was predominant, followed by Escherichia coli (18.75%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.75%). Gram-positive bacteria was highly sensitive (100%) to vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline. Study showed that Gram-negative bacteria had low sensitive to quinolones, in particular, the resistance rate of Escherichia coli to quinolones was as high as 83.33%. In terms of overall survival (OS), the 30-days OS of patients with Gram-negative and Gram-positive septicemia was 77.42% and 92.00%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that septic shock (P=0.001, RR=269.27) was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality, and remission status (P=0.027, RR=0.114) was an independent predictor of a favourable outcome of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies.@*CONCLUSION@#Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogens causing bloodstream infections in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics. Improving the care of PICC is an important measure to reduce the incidence of bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics. A correct treatment relieving disease and effective prevention and treatment of septic shock can reduce mortality of patients with bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies in the tropics.

Efficacy and safety of Shenyankangfu Tablet, a Chinese patent medicine, for primary glomerulonephritis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Shenyankangfu Tablet (SYKFT) is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease.@*OBJECTIVE@#This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT, for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients, against the standard drug, losartan potassium.@*DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION@#This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Primary glomerulonephritis patients, aged 18-70 years, with blood pressure ≤ 140/90 mmHg, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 45 mL/min per 1.73 m@*MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES@#The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level, after 48 weeks of treatment.@*RESULTS@#A total of 735 participants were enrolled. The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78% ± 2.56% (P = 0.006) more than that in the losartan 50 mg group, which was 0.51% ± 2.54% (P = 1.000) less than that in the losartan 100 mg group. Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39% ± 2.49% (P < 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein level. Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77% ± 2.52% (P = 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein. With a superiority threshold of 15%, neither was statistically significant. eGFR, serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant. The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT (-3.00 [-6.00, -2.00]) and who did not take SYKFT (-2.00 [-5.00, 0]) was statistically significant (P = 0.003). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group.@*CONCLUSION@#SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients, with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR. SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER@#NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Clinical Analysis of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Treatment of 12 Patients with Acute Leukemia in Tropical Area / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for treatment of acute leukemia in the tropical area.@*METHODS@#Twelve acute leukemia patients who were underwent allo-HSCT from April 2013 to November 2018 in Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital were selected, including 5 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 7 case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Three cases received HLA matched sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 8 cases received haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 1 cases received partially mismatched unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pretreatment regimen: 9 cases received modified BU/CY+ATG pretreatment regimen, 3 cases received BU/CY pretreatment regimen. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimen: all patients received cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil combined with short-term methotrexate regimen. The clinical efficacy of allo-HSCT in treatment of acute leukemia in the tropical area was analyzed by detecting hematopoietic reconstitution, GVHD, infection, relapse and survival after transplantation.@*RESULTS@#All the 12 patients achieved granulocyte reconstruction and megakaryocyte reconstruction. The median time of granulocyte reconstruction was 11.5 (6-14) days, and the median time of megakaryocytic reconstruction was 12.5 (10-22) days. Within 100 days after transplantation, the acute GVHD occurved in 8 cases, including 6 cases of Ⅱ-Ⅳ degree acute GVHD and 2 cases of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree acute GVHD, 11 cases survived more than 100 days after transplantation, and the chronic GVHD occurred in 1 case, which was mildly limited. Pulmonary infection occurred in 7 cases, cytomegaloviremia occurred in 6 cases, EB viremia occurred in 6 cases, and hemorrhagic cystitis occurred in 5 cases. 2 cases relapsed and eventually died, and the remaining 10 patients survived without disease until the date of follow-up. The median follow-up time was 4 (1-68) months, 83.3% (10/12) survived without disease, and 16.7% (2/12) relapsed.@*CONCLUSION@#Allo-HSCT is an effective method for the treatment of acute leukemia in adults. Leukemia patients should be transplanted as soon as possible after remission. The incidence of pulmonary fungal infection in transplanted patients in tropics is high, therefore the prevention and treatment of fungal infection should be strengthened.

Value of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in detecting epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA of patients with non-small cell lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To analyze the value of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) in detecting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:Peripheral blood samples of 63 patients with NSCLC who were treated in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to March 2019 were collected, and EGFR sensitive mutations in peripheral blood of patients were detected by ddPCR, and the results were compared with the results of amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency of the two methods.Results:The EGFR sensitive mutations were found in 31 cases (49.2%) by ddPCR in peripheral blood of 63 patients with NSCLC. Among them, 1 case (1.6%) had G719X, 12 cases (19.0%) had E19-Del, 11 cases had T790M (17.5%), 7 cases (11.1%) had L858R. Seven cases (22.6%) of the patients had double mutations. In comparison, the above 4 mutations were found in 26 cases (41.3%) by the ARMS-PCR method, with 0 case, 12 cases (19.0%), 6 cases (9.5%), and 8 cases (12.7%), respectively, including 5 cases (19.2%) with double mutations. L858R in one case was positive when detected by ARMS-PCR, while it was negative when detected by ddPCR. The consistency rate of the two methods was 90.3% (κ = 0.8, P < 0.05). The median abundance of EGFR mutations in peripheral blood ctDNA of 31 cases was 1.7% (range 0.04%-23.60%). The median abundance of E19-Del was 2.50% (0.35%-22.70%), that of T790M was 0.6% (0.04%-14.00%), and that of L858R was 2.3% (0.20%-23.60%). Ten cases with the abundance of EGFR mutations < 1% when detected by ddPCR, accounting for 32.6% (10/31) of total patients with mutations, but only 5 cases of them were detected by ARMS-PCR. The detection rate of T790M by ddPCR in patients who had received tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and had acquired drug resistance was 57.9% (11/19), while it was 0 in patients without TKI treatment. Among patients with T790M mutation, 1 case had a mutation abundance < 0.1%, 7 cases had a mutation abundance of 0.1%-2.0%, 3 cases had a mutation abundance > 2.0%.Conclusions:The ddPCR provides a non-invasive, highly sensitive and absolutely quantitative method for detecting EGFR mutations in peripheral blood ctDNA of NSCLC patients. It provides a new detection method for EGFR-TKI targeted therapy in NSCLC patients with difficult sampling or with acquired drug resistance who need to repeatedly sample. The approach provides an important basis for the individualized targeted therapy.